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Mr. Costas Arroyo is 29 years old. You are his GP (Dr. Warren). Costas has been married for 6 years to his wife (Maria) and has two children aged 1 (Alfonso) and 5 (Adele).

Today he is presenting with a sore throat. He also has multiple rashes over his body. You examine Costas and find that his mouth and pharynx is covered in what appears to be white plaques. You suspect Candida. He also has a vesicular rash in three different dermatomes on his chest. The likely diagnosis is shingles.

You are concerned that Costas may have HIV and you ask Costas about risk factors. He admits that he sometimes has sex with sex workers and that he does not always use condoms. You offer to give Costas a HIV test and after counselling him he agrees.

You explain how HIV is transmitted and tell Costas that his sexual partners (including his wife) may be at risk. He agrees not to have unprotected sex until the test results come back.